Offshore oil field - Kaiyo yude

Japanese: 海洋油田 - かいようゆでん

An oil field located in the ocean. Also known as an offshore oil field. It is said that about 1/4 of the world's oil reserves are in the ocean, and currently, offshore oil accounts for about 1/4 of the world's oil production. About 55-70% of offshore oil field reserves are on the continental shelf up to a depth of 200m, and most of the remainder is thought to be on the deeper continental slope and the flat area at its base (continental rise). Oil is extracted in the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of California, the Caspian Sea, the Persian Gulf, off the coast of Borneo, the North Sea, and off the coast of Niigata, Japan. The first full-scale development of offshore oil fields was in 1947 off the coast of Louisiana, USA, and the water depth was 6m. As development of deeper waters progressed, the cost of development, such as the construction of huge platforms, became an issue, and new technologies and methods are being considered and put into practical use. The first offshore oil field development in Japan was the Tsuchizakioki oil field, discovered off the coast of Akita City in 1959. Later, the Kubiki oil and gas field in Niigata Prefecture, the Agaoki oil and gas field in the same prefecture, and the Iwaki offshore gas field in Fukushima Prefecture have been discovered.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

海域に存在する油田。海底油田とも。世界の石油埋蔵量の約1/4は海域にあるといわれ，現在すでに世界の石油生産量のおよそ1/4を海洋石油が占める。海洋油田の埋蔵量の55〜70％程度が水深200mまでの大陸棚にあり，残りの大部分はより深い大陸斜面とその裾野の平坦部（コンチネンタルライズ）にあるとみられる。メキシコ湾，カリフォルニア沖，カスピ海，ペルシア湾，ボルネオ島沖，北海，日本の新潟沖などで採油されている。本格的な海洋油田の開発は1947年米国ルイジアナ州沖合が最初で，このときの水深は6mであった。その後深い水深の開発が進むにつれて，巨大なプラットホームの建設など，その開発費用が問題となり，新しい技術や方式が検討・実用化されつつある。日本での海洋油田開発は1959年発見の秋田市沖合の土崎沖油田が最初で，のち，新潟県頸城油・ガス田，同県阿賀沖油・ガス田，福島県磐城沖ガス田などがある。

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