upper surface blowing

Japanese: upper surface blowing（英語表記）uppersurfaceblowing

…
[Power Drift System]
In propeller aircraft, the propeller wake is applied to the wing with the flaps lowered, bending it downward. In jet aircraft, the turbofan engine is placed in front of the wing, and the exhaust is applied to the flap to bend it downward (EBF, short for externally blown flap), and the exhaust is blown diagonally downward from the trailing edge of the wing (IBF, short for internally blown flap). Among EBFs, the one that blows the exhaust over the top of the wing and bends it downward along the flap is called USB (short for upper surface blowing) (short takeoff and landing aircraft). IBFs are also called jet flaps, and are similar to the blowing flaps mentioned above, but differ in that the amount of air blown is much larger and is blown out beyond the wing to generate thrust. …

From [Short Take-off and Landing Aircraft]

...However, for medium to large aircraft, if the wing loading is not increased, the aircraft's dimensions will become too large, and the weight will increase, resulting in poor performance and economic efficiency. Therefore, they are originally equipped with fairly powerful high-lift devices, and in order to make them into short takeoff and landing aircraft, it is necessary to use a powered lift system, which is a high-lift device that uses more powerful thrust. The main power drift systems that have been put to practical use so far are (1) propeller wake deflection, which bends the propeller wake downward by hitting it against a flap, (2) EBF (short for externally blown flap), which bends the jet exhaust by hitting a flap from the underside of the wing, (3) USB (short for upper surface blowing), a type of EBF that uses the phenomenon that when jet exhaust is blown over the upper surface of the wing, it bends along the flap, (4) IBF (short for internally blown flap, also called jet flap), which guides the jet exhaust into the wing and blows it diagonally downward from the trailing edge, and (5) augmented wing, a type of IBF that blows a jet between two flaps, one above and one below (Figure).

*Some of the terminology that refers to "upper surface blowing" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…
［パワードリフト･システム］
　プロペラ機では，フラップを下げた翼にプロペラの後流を当てて下へ曲げる方法が利用されている。ジェット機ではターボファンエンジンを翼の前に置き，排気をフラップに当てて下へ曲げるEBF(externally blown flapの略)方式と，排気を翼の後縁から斜め下向きに吹き出すIBF(internally blown flapの略)方式に大別され，EBFのうち，排気を翼の上面に流しフラップに沿って下へ曲げるものはUSB(upper surface blowingの略)と呼ばれる(短距離離着陸機)。IBFはジェットフラップともいい，前述の吹出しフラップに似ているが，吹き出す空気量がずっと大きく，翼より後方まで噴出させて推力とする点が異なる。…

【短距離離着陸機】より

…しかし，中～大型機は翼面荷重を大きくしないと機の寸法が大きくなりすぎ，自重が増えて性能や経済性が悪くなるので，もともとかなり強力な高揚力装置を備えてあり，短距離離着陸機とするには，より強力な推力利用の高揚力装置であるパワードリフト･システムpowered lift systemを使う必要がある。これまで実用されたおもなパワードリフト･システムは，(1)プロペラの後流をフラップに当てて下方へ曲げるプロペラ後流変向，(2)ジェット排気を翼下面からフラップに当てて曲げるEBF(externally blown flapの略)，(3)EBFの一種で，ジェット排気を翼上面に流すとフラップに沿って曲がる現象を利用したUSB(upper surface blowingの略)，(4)ジェット排気を翼内に導き後縁から斜め下向きに吹き出すIBF(internally blown flapの略。ジェットフラップともいう)，(5)IBFの一種で，上下2段のフラップの間にジェットを吹き出すオーギュメンターウィングなどである(図)。…

※「upper surface blowing」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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