Bloch

Japanese: ブロッホ
Bloch
A Swiss-born Jewish composer, also known as Bloch. After studying under Jacques Dalcroze in his native Geneva, he aspired to become a violinist and studied under Ysaïet at the Brussels Conservatory. He taught at the Geneva Conservatory from 1904, becoming a professor in 1911. He moved to the United States in 1916 and served as director of the Cleveland and San Francisco Conservatories. From 1930 to 1938 he was based in Switzerland again, and has lived in the United States since 1938. In 1941 he became a professor at the University of California. He is known for his style of composition that strongly expresses Jewish nationalism, including his most popular work, Shelomo (Solomon), Hebrew Rhapsody for cello and orchestra (1916), and established an extremely unique style that was based on tonality and was neoclassical in form, but also featured changes in meter and tonality. Other works by Ansermet include the Israeli Symphony (1916), the Piano Quintet No. 1 (1923), the Violin Concerto (1938), which was premiered by Szigeti, the Suite for Solo Violin (1958), and five string quartets (1916-1956).

Bloch

Austrian Jewish author. He became president of his family's spinning company, but left in 1927 to study mathematics, philosophy, and psychology at university. At the same time, he wrote the trilogy The Sleepwalkers (1931-1932), influenced by Joyce's Ulysses, depicting the collapse of values ​​in Germany. He was arrested by the Nazis in 1938 and later fled to the United States. Based on his experience of facing death in prison, he completed the philosophical-poetic novel The Death of Virgil (1945), which won him worldwide acclaim. His other works include the short story series The Innocents and the novel The Seducer, and he is also known for his excellent critical essays, including The Psychology of the Crowd.
→ Related itemsYoshiyoshi Furui|Muir

Bloch

Swiss-born American physicist. After graduating from the ETH Zurich, he worked as an assistant to Heisenberg at the University of Leipzig, where he studied the quantum mechanics of electrical conductivity in metals and ferromagnetism. In 1934 he moved to the United States and became a professor at Stanford University, becoming a naturalized American in 1939. During World War II, he participated in the atomic bomb development project. In 1946, independently of Purcell, he devised a method for measuring the magnetic moment of atomic nuclei in liquid and solid samples by utilizing the absorption of radio waves due to magnetic resonance. In 1952, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Purcell.

Bloch

German Jewish philosopher. Professor at the University of Tübingen since 1961. He studied Kant and Hegel, and through his friendship with Simmel, Lukacs, and Benjamin, he developed his own expressionist and Marxist philosophy of history. His major works are The Spirit of Utopia (1918), Thomas Müntzer (1921), and The Principle of Hope (1959).

Bloch

German-born American biochemist. After graduating from the Technical University of Munich, he moved to the United States after being pursued by the Nazis. He is now a professor at Harvard University. He used deuterium-labeled acetic acid to study the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and clarified the role of squalene as an intermediate. He also contributed to elucidating the pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis and glutathione biosynthesis. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1964.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
スイス生れのユダヤ系作曲家。ブロックともいう。生地ジュネーブでジャック・ダルクローズに学んだのち,バイオリン奏者を志してブリュッセル音楽院でイザイエに師事。1904年からジュネーブ音楽院で教え,1911年教授。1916年に渡米し,クリーブランドとサンフランシスコの音楽院院長を歴任した。1930年−1938年には再びスイスを拠点にし,1938年以降は米国に暮らす。1941年カリフォルニア大学教授。最もポピュラーなチェロと管弦楽のための《ヘブライ狂詩曲シェロモ(ソロモン)》(1916年)をはじめ,ユダヤ民族主義を強烈に打ち出した作風で知られ,調性を基盤に形式面では新古典的スタイルをとりつつ,拍子や調性の変転するきわめて個性的な作風を確立した。ほかに,《イスラエル交響曲》(1916年),《ピアノ五重奏曲第1番》(1923年),シゲティによって初演された《バイオリン協奏曲》(1938年),《無伴奏バイオリン組曲》(1958年),5つの弦楽四重奏曲(1916年−1956年)などがある。→アンセルメ
→関連項目合奏協奏曲

ブロッホ

オーストリアのユダヤ系作家。家業の紡績会社社長となるが,1927年退き,大学で数学,哲学,心理学を学ぶ。同時にジョイスの《ユリシーズ》の影響を受けた三部作《夢遊の人々》(1931年―1932年)を書き,ドイツにおける諸価値の崩壊という事態を描いた。1938年ナチスにより逮捕され,のち米国に亡命。獄中で死に直面した体験をもとに哲学詩的な長編《ウェルギリウスの死》(1945年)を完成,世界的評価を得た。ほかに短編連作の《罪なき人びと》,長編《誘惑者》などがあり,《群衆の心理》をはじめとする評論にもすぐれる。
→関連項目古井由吉|ミュアー

ブロッホ

スイス生れの米国の物理学者。チューリヒ工科大学を出て,ライプチヒ大学でハイゼンベルクの助手として金属の電気伝導,強磁性体を量子論的に研究。1934年渡米しスタンフォード大学教授となり,1939年米国に帰化。第2次大戦中は原爆開発計画に参加。1946年パーセルと独立に磁気共鳴による電波の吸収を利用し液体・固体試料の原子核の磁気モーメントを測定する方法を案出。1952年パーセルとともにノーベル物理学賞。

ブロッホ

ドイツのユダヤ系哲学者。1961年以降チュービンゲン大学教授。カント,ヘーゲルを学び,ジンメル,ルカーチ,ベンヤミンらとの交友のなかで,独自の表現主義的・マルクス主義的歴史哲学を構築した。主著《ユートピアの精神》(1918年),《トーマス・ミュンツァー》(1921年),《希望の原理》(1959年)。

ブロッホ

ドイツ生れの米国の生化学者。ミュンヘン工科大学卒業後,ナチに追われ渡米。ハーバード大学教授。重水素で標識した酢酸を使って,コレステロール生合成経路を研究し,中間物質としてのスクアレンの役割を明らかにする。そのほか,脂肪酸生合成,グルタチオン生合成の経路の解明にもつくす。1964年ノーベル生理医学賞。

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