Kaimai (returning rice) - Kaimai

Japanese: 廻米(回米) - かいまい

In the Edo period, this term referred to the transportation of large quantities of rice from one point to another, or to the rice that was transported. The feudal lords who collected rice as annual tax sometimes paid a portion of it to the land, but most of it was shipped by sea to Osaka or Edo for sale (haraimai). Rice was mainly shipped from western Japan and the Sea of Japan coast to Osaka, while rice was shipped from Tokai, Kanto, and the Pacific coast north of there to Edo. Shipping of rice to the Kamigata region from western Japan via the Seto Inland Sea had been taking place since before the early modern period, and large quantities of rice were shipped when the Toyotomi government was established.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，多量の米をある地点から他地点に輸送すること，またはその輸送米をいう。年貢米を徴収した幕藩領主は，一部を地払いすることもあったが，大部分を海路で大坂や江戸に回送し販売した(払米（はらいまい）)。西日本および日本海沿岸からはおもに大坂に回送され，東海，関東およびそれ以北の太平洋沿岸からは江戸に回送された。瀬戸内海を海路とする西日本からの上方廻米は近世以前から展開し，豊臣政権が成立するに及んで多量の廻米がみられるようになった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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