Grand Minister of State - Dajo Daijin

Japanese: 太政大臣 - だじょうだいじん

(1) The highest official in the Ritsuryo system, pronounced "Daijo Daijin." The chief of the Grand Council of State, above the Ministers of the Left and Right, was not specifically designated, but in the Taiho Code, it was a "Nokke" (a position that could only be filled if there was a suitable candidate). Prince Otomo was the first to be appointed in Tenchi 10 (671). The system was later clarified with the establishment of the Ritsuryo system. Fujiwara no Nakamaro was appointed as Daishi in Tenpyo Hoji 4 (760), and Dokyo was appointed as Grand Minister of State Zen Master in Tenpyo Jingo 1 (765). After Fujiwara no Yoshifusa was appointed in Ten'an 1 (857), members of the Fujiwara clan and the Minamoto clan were successively appointed. It was an official equivalent to the first rank, and the stipends, such as fiefdom, land, and annual salary, were also the highest.

(2) This was an official position established to manage the Seiin, which became the highest political institution following the government reform of July 29, 1871. The Dajodaijin was responsible for assisting the Emperor, administering general affairs, religious ceremonies, diplomacy, declaring war, making peace, and making treaties, governing the navy and army, and military affairs at the Imperial Court. Even after the Seiin was abolished on January 18, 1877, the Dajodaijin continued to be at the center of politics in the early Meiji period and controlled state affairs until the position was abolished by Dajokan Decree No. 69 on December 22, 1885.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

(1) 律令官制の最高官で，「だいじょうだいじん」と読まれた。左右大臣の上に位置する太政官の長官であるが，特に職掌は定められておらず『大宝令』では適任者がなければおかない則闕の官であった。天智 10 (671) 年大友皇子が任命されたのが最初。その後令制の制定によってその制度が明確となった。天平宝字4 (760) 年に藤原仲麻呂が大師と名称を改め任命され，天平神護1 (765) 年に道鏡が太政大臣禅師として任命された。天安1 (857) 年藤原良房が任じられてからは藤原氏や源氏が相次いで任命されている。一位相当官で，封戸，職田，年給などの俸禄も最高であった。

(2) 明治4 (1871) 年7月 29日の官制改革により，政治の最高機関となった正院を司るために設けられた官職。太政大臣は，天皇を輔翼，庶政を総判，祭祀，外交，宣戦，講和，立約の権，海陸軍の統治および宮中軍務を任とした。 1877年1月 18日正院廃止ののちも，85年 12月 22日太政官達 69号にその職制が廃されるまで，明治初期政治の中枢に位置し国事を掌握した。

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