traumatic pneumothorax

...However, post-operative complications such as pleural thickening and empyema are often observed, and with advances in chemotherapy, this method is no longer used at all. It is only occasionally used in the differential diagnosis of intrathoracic tumors.
[Traumatic pneumothorax]
When the chest wall is subjected to sharp trauma (stab wounds, gunshot wounds, etc.) or blunt trauma (falls, traffic injuries, etc.) and the chest wall is ruptured from the outside or the lungs, trachea, or bronchi are ruptured from the inside, outside air enters and causes a pneumothorax. When the chest wall is ruptured, the thoracic cavity is directly connected to the outside world (this is called an external pneumothorax), the lungs shrink (collapse), and the chest on the injured side moves in the opposite direction to normal breathing (paradoxical movement). Furthermore, the mediastinum sways due to breathing (mediastinal sway), and breathing on the healthy side is also impaired, resulting in serious conditions.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "traumatic pneumothorax" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…しかし，施行後に胸膜肥厚，膿胸などの合併症を伴うことが多く，化学療法の進歩した現在では，まったく用いられなくなり，胸腔内腫瘍の鑑別診断に，ときに用いられる程度である。
［外傷性気胸traumatic pneumothorax］
　胸壁に鋭的外傷(刺傷，銃傷など)あるいは鈍的外傷(墜落，交通外傷など)を受けて，外から胸壁が破れたり，内側から肺，気管，気管支が破れると，外気が侵入して気胸となる。胸壁が破れると，胸腔は直接外界と通じ(これを外開口性気胸という)，肺は縮小(虚脱)するうえ，傷害側の胸郭は正常時の呼吸運動と逆の運動(奇異運動)となり，さらに，縦隔は呼吸運動によって揺れ動き(縦隔動揺)，健全な側の呼吸も障害され重篤となる。…

※「traumatic pneumothorax」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報