A method of treating an object with a solvent, separating undesirable components such as impurities, and producing a product with the desired composition and properties. In the petroleum refining process, it is used in the field of lubricating oil production. One of these methods, the propane deasphalting method, uses the residual oil from the vacuum distillation of crude oil as a raw material and treats it with liquid propane under pressure to remove asphalt and resinous substances from the residual oil, with the aim of producing a high-quality lubricating oil raw material. The other is the furfural method, which treats the residual oil from vacuum distillation with furfural to extract and remove the aromatic components in the residual oil, with the aim of producing a lubricating oil raw material with a high viscosity index (i.e., viscosity does not change much with temperature) and excellent color and stability. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
溶剤を用いて対象物を処理し,不純物などの好ましくない成分を分離し,望ましい組成,性状の製品を生産する方法。石油精製工程においては,潤滑油の生産の分野で用いられている。その一つであるプロパン脱歴法は,原油の減圧蒸留の残油を原料として,加圧下で液体のプロパンを用いて処理し,残油中のアスファルト質や樹脂状物質を除去し,良質の潤滑油原料を生産する目的で行われる。他はフルフラール法であって,減圧蒸留残油をフルフラールを用いて処理し,残油中の芳香族成分を抽出,除去することにより,粘度指数の高い(すなわち粘度が温度によってあまり変化しない),色相および安定性の優れた潤滑油原料を生産する目的で行われる。
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