Kaizu

Japanese: 海津 - かいづ

A place name in Takashima County, Omi Province, on the northwest shore of Lake Biwa. It is currently part of Makino Town, Shiga Prefecture (now Takashima City). It was a key port for lake transportation connecting Otsu and Katata on the south side of the lake, and there is a theory that Tomoyui Station on the ancient Hokuriku Road connecting Kinai and Hokuriku was located here, and it was the starting point of the Shichirihangoe Pass leading to Tsuruga in Echizen. In April 1183, the Taira army, pursuing Kiso Yoshinaka, passed through Kaizu and headed north, and Taira Tsunemasa made a pilgrimage to Chikubu Island from Kaizuura (Genpei Seisuiki). Kaizu Manor was established as the estate of the Muromachi Shogunate, and the area includes Kenkumano Manor, Kaide Manor, and Otokoro Manor. Around 1454, there were 10 villages in Kaizu Higashihama and 11 villages in Kaizu Nishihama. During the Sengoku period, Kaizu was home to a variety of people, including the Kaizu monks of the Ikko sect who were heading to Echizen, the Toyoshima family, merchants who were vassals of the Rokkaku family, and the Uchishita family, who controlled the Kaizu checkpoint. In 1583, Niwa Nagahide, who supported Hashiba Hideyoshi, stationed 7,000 troops at Kaizuguchi and other areas. In the early modern period, Kaizu was divided into Kaizu Higashimachi, Kaizu Nakamuramachi, Kaizu Nakakojimachi, and other areas, and was used as land for the Shogunate, Kaga Domain, and Yamato Koriyama Domain. In the 1620s, the land of the northern feudal lords that passed through Kaizu-juku was worth 300,000 koku per year, and was shipped by sea from Kaizu Port to Otsu, along with various goods.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

琵琶湖の北西岸，近江国高島郡にある地名。現在の滋賀県マキノ町（現・高島市）域。湖南の大津や堅田(かたた)と結ぶ湖上交通の要津で，また畿内と北陸をつなぐ古代北陸道の鞆結(ともゆい)駅が置かれたとする説があり，越前敦賀(つるが)に通じる七里半越(しちりはんごえ)の起点となっている。1183年４月には木曾義仲を追討する平氏の軍勢が海津を通って北上し，平経正は海津浦から竹生(ちくぶ)島に参詣している（《源平盛衰記》）。室町幕府御料所として海津荘が成立しており，嶮熊野(けんくまの)荘・開田(かいで)荘・大処(おおところ)荘を含む一帯で，1454年頃には海津東浜10ヵ村・海津西浜11ヵ村がみられる。戦国期には越前に向かう一向宗の海津坊主衆，六角氏の被官で商人の豊島氏，海津の関所を支配する打下氏など多様な人々がいた。1583年には羽柴秀吉方の丹羽長秀は海津口などに７千の兵力を置いている。近世には海津東町・海津中村町・海津中小路町などに分立し，幕府領のほか，加賀藩領・大和郡山藩領などとして推移した。1620年代に海津宿を経由する北国諸大名領の登せ米は年間30万石で，諸物資を含めて海津湊から大津に海送された。

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