Reed boat - Ashibune

Japanese: 葦舟 - あしぶね
Reed boat - Ashibune

A type of water transport made from reeds. We can imagine that there were reed boats in ancient Japan, as they are recorded in the creation myth of the archipelago in the Kojiki and Nihon shoki. The reed boats were used to float young leeches ashore. There are also examples of boats depicted on Yayoi pottery with their bows tied together. They were found in Colombia, Argentina, and Chile in South America, but traces remain only in the Andes, which is thought to be the center of their former use. Examples include reed boats made by the indigenous Otavalo people of the Ecuadorian highlands, the village of Huanchaco on the north coast of Peru, and the famous Aymara and Uro people of Lake Titicaca. However, these boats are not strictly made of reeds from the grass family, but totora from the sedge family, so care must be taken with the names. In Africa, examples are known from the Shilluk people of the upper Nile River and the coastal inhabitants of Benguela in southwestern Africa. Boats made of bundles of papyrus (Cyperaceae, Papyrus spp.) were also used in ancient Egypt, and a relief carving of a reed boat heading to the underworld was reported in the tomb of Ramses II's sister, Tia, recently discovered in Saqqara. Incidentally, Norwegian anthropologist Heyerdahl, who hypothesized an organic relationship between the ancient civilizations of the Old and New Worlds, crossed the Atlantic Ocean in a reed boat called Ra II in 1970.

[Yuji Seki]

[References] | Reeds | Boats | Heyerdahl

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アシでつくった水上交通具の一つ。古代日本に葦舟があったことは、記紀の列島創造神話において記されているところから想像がつく。蛭児(ひるこ)を葦舟に乗せて流すくだりである。また弥生(やよい)時代の土器に描かれた船のなかには船首を束ねた例もある。南アメリカではコロンビア、アルゼンチン、チリと分布していたが、現在痕跡(こんせき)が残っているのは、かつての利用の中心地と考えられるアンデス地域だけである。エクアドル高地の先住民オタバロ、ペルー北海岸のワンチャコ村、さらに有名なティティカカ湖のアイマラ人、ウロ人の葦舟がそれらである。しかしこれらの舟も厳密にはイネ科のアシが材料ではなく、カヤツリグサ科のトトラを用いている点で、名称に注意しなければならない。アフリカでは、ナイル川上流のシルックの人々やアフリカ南西部のベンゲラの海岸住民の例が知られている。古代エジプトでもパピルス(カヤツリグサ科、カミガヤツリ)を束ねた舟が利用されたようで、最近サッカラで発見されたラムセス2世の妹チアの墓からも黄泉(よみ)の国へ向かう葦舟の浮彫りが報告されている。なお、新旧両世界の古代文明の有機的関連を想定したノルウェーの人類学者ヘイエルダールが、1970年に葦舟ラーⅡ世号で大西洋を横断している。

[関 雄二]

[参照項目] | アシ | | ヘイエルダール

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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