Surface inversion

... In reality, it is several tens of meters above the ground surface, and when atmospheric stability is neutral in this layer, the vertical distribution of wind speed is expressed by a logarithmic law, and it is known that the eddy diffusion coefficient is proportional to height. In the layer in contact with the ground surface, the state in which the air temperature increases the higher it goes up is called surface inversion, and occurs because the air layer near the ground surface is cooled more than the upper layer due to nocturnal radiation. In the inversion layer, static stability is good, and polluted air from artificial sources is suppressed by the inversion layer, so it cannot diffuse into the sky, and air pollution, especially smog, is likely to occur. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "surface inversion" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　実際には地表から数十mの高さで，この層中では大気安定度が中立の場合，風速の鉛直分布は対数法則で表され，渦拡散係数が高さに比例することが知られている。　地表面に接する層内で，気温が上層にいくほど高くなっている状態を接地逆転surface inversionといい，夜間放射によって，地表面近くの気層が，上層より冷却が大きいために発生する。逆転層内では，静的安定度がよく，人工発生源による汚染空気が逆転層によって抑えられるため，上空に拡散できないので，大気汚染，特にスモッグの被害が起こりやすい。…

※「surface inversion」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報