Literature

Japanese: literati
Literature


[Scholars and the Imperial Examinations]
Bureaucrats were essentially literati, and literati were intellectuals who were educated in the Confucian scriptures. The literati are usually described as a trinity of literati, bureaucrats, and landlords, and the terms literati, mandarin, and gentry are sometimes used to describe them. In fact, bureaucrats were almost without exception landlords (landlords of a considerable size), but this was not a necessary condition.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "literati" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[士大夫(読書人)と科挙]
 官僚はその実体において士大夫であり,士大夫とは読書人,つまり儒教経典の教養の保持者としての知識人である。ふつう士大夫とは読書人・官僚・地主の三位一体といういい方があり,それぞれliterati,mandarin,gentryの語が当てられることがある。事実,官僚はほとんど例外なく地主(相当な規模な地主)であったが,それはしかし必須の条件ではない。…

※「literati」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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