Logograph

Japanese: logograph
Logograph

…An ideogram is a character that represents an idea, as opposed to a phonetic character that represents a sound, such as the Chinese character 〈日〉 that represents the idea of ​​the sun. But more strictly speaking, Chinese characters should be called logographs rather than ideograms, because 〈日〉 should be thought of as representing the Chinese word rì or the Japanese word hi, rather than directly representing the idea of ​​the sun. …

From [Hieroglyphics]

…Chinese was associated with the Chinese word nět (sun), Egyptian with the Egyptian r c (mouth), and Sumerian with the Sumerian a (water). Characters that represent words like this are called logographs. However, Chinese is a so-called isolated language, and its words were generally monosyllabic, so one character remained attached to one word, but other languages ​​were more or less polysyllabic, so the principle of one character per word was not followed, and a character was used phonetically, using all or part of the sound structure of the word it represented. …

From [Character]

...Today, therefore, characters are classified according to the units of language that each individual character represents: word characters (or logograms), syllabaries, and phonemic characters.
[Word characters]
Word writing (logograph) is a kind of writing that is usually called ideographic writing, such as Chinese characters and the early stages of Egyptian hieroglyphics, in which each character represents a unit that is essentially a word (logograph). However, it should be noted that this type of classification is based only on principle.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "logograph" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…表意文字とは1字がある音を表す表音文字に対して,1字がある観念ideaを表す文字で,たとえば漢字の〈日〉は太陽の観念を表すようなものである。しかしより厳密にいえば,漢字は表意文字というよりもむしろ表語文字logographであるというべきである。というのは〈日〉は直接太陽の観念を表すというよりは中国語の単語rìまたは日本語の単語hiを表すと考えるべきであるからである。…

【象形文字】より

…中国のは中国語の単語nět(太陽の意)と,エジプトのはエジプト語のrc(口)と,シュメールの()はシュメール語のa(水)と連合した。このように単語を示す文字を表語文字logographという。しかし中国語はいわゆる孤立語であり,かつその単語が原則として単音節であったため一つの文字は一つの語に結びついたまま固定化したが,ほかの言語は多少とも多音節語から成っていたので,1字1語の原則は守られず,一つの文字の示す語の音構成の全部または一部を利用して表音的にその文字を使用するにいたった。…

【文字】より

…したがって今日では,文字を個々の字が表す言語の単位によって分類し,単語文字(あるいは表語文字),音節文字,音素文字とするようになっている。
[単語文字]
 〈単語文字word writing(logograph)〉は,ふつう表意文字と呼ばれるもので漢字やエジプトの象形文字の初期の段階にみられるように,個々の字が原則として単語に相当する単位を表す(表語文字)。ただし,この種の分類が原則的事実の上にだけ立つものであることは注意されなければならない。…

※「logograph」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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