…Class II antigens (DR, DQ, and DP antigens in HLA) are glycoproteins in which the α and β chains are non-covalently bound, and are expressed mainly on the cell surface of B cells (B lymphocytes) and antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, etc.). The genes for class I antigen α chains and class II antigen α and β chains are located in a series of gene regions called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), located in the HLA region of chromosome 6 in humans and in the H-2 gene region of chromosome 17 in mice. Although not consistent across animal species, there are several types of class I and II loci, and each locus has a large number of alleles, and is characterized by a high degree of polymorphism (individual differences). … *Some of the terminology that mentions "major histocompatibility complex" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…クラスII抗原(HLAではDR,DQ,DP抗原)はα鎖とβ鎖とが非共有結合により結合した糖タンパク質であり,おもにB細胞(Bリンパ球)および抗原提示細胞(樹状細胞,マクロファージほか)の細胞表面に発現している。クラスI抗原α鎖,クラスII抗原α鎖およびβ鎖の遺伝子は主要組織適合遺伝子複合体(MHC=major histocompatibility complex)と呼ばれる一連の遺伝子領域に存在し,ヒトでは第6染色体のHLA領域に,マウスでは第17染色体のH‐2遺伝子領域に位置する。動物種により一定ではないが,クラスIおよびII遺伝子座は,それぞれ数種類存在し,さらにそれぞれの遺伝子座には多数の対立遺伝子が存在し,高度の多型性(個体差)を示すことが特徴である。… ※「major histocompatibility complex」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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