A chieftain of Gaul during the Roman Republic's final years. Leader of the Great Gallic Revolt (52 BC). Of Arvernian descent. He united the Gallic tribes and was appointed supreme commander of the allies, even being given the title of king. He avoided a decisive battle with Caesar, who aimed to pacify Gaul, and instead engaged in a scorched earth, protracted war of attrition. He defeated the Roman army at the Battle of Gergovia, but in the autumn of 52 BC, he was defeated by Caesar's army at the siege of Alesia, forcing the city to surrender. After the defeat, he was imprisoned in Rome, and executed after Caesar's triumphal return in 46 BC. He was also an excellent person, highly regarded as a soldier and politician, and was long revered as a national hero of the Celts (Gauls). [Hasegawa Hirotaka] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
共和政末期ローマ時代のガリアの首長。ガリアの大蜂起(ほうき)(前52)のリーダー。アルウェルニ人の出。ガリア諸部族を糾合して、同盟者の最高指揮官に任ぜられ、王の称号まで与えられた。ガリア平定を目ざすカエサルとは決戦を避け、焦土・持久戦に持ち込み、ゲルゴウィアの戦いでローマ軍に打ち勝ったが、紀元前52年秋、アレシアの包囲戦でカエサル軍に敗れて開城した。敗戦後はローマの獄に投じられ、前46年のカエサルの凱旋(がいせん)式後処刑された。人間的にも優れ、軍人、政治家としての評価も高く、ケルト人(ガリア人)の民族的英雄として長く崇拝された。 [長谷川博隆] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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