Maria Orans (English spelling)

…These Madonna and Child figures can be divided into several types. In the early Christian period, the Maria Orans type, in which Mary prays with her arms outstretched, was seen, but later, the types diverged, and in the East, there was the Hodēgetria type (meaning "Madonna of Guidance"), in which Mary stands (sometimes with her upper body) and holds the infant Jesus in her left arm, and the Eleousa type (Madonna of Affection), in which the infant is held and rubs its cheek against the mother's. These generally became popular as devotional figures (icons) on panel paintings. In Western Europe, they developed as seated figures (wooden metal figures or painted wooden figures) during the Romanesque period, and gradually replaced standing figures from the 13th century. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Maria Orans" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…これらの聖母子像は幾つかの類型に分けることができる。初期キリスト教時代にはマリアが両手を広げて祈るマリア･オランスMaria Orans型が見られるが，その後類型が分化し，東方では立勢(ときには上半身)で左腕に幼児イエスを抱くホデゲトリアHodēgetria型(〈導く聖母〉の意)，抱かれた聖子が母に頰をすりよせるエレウサEleousa型(〈いとおしみの聖母〉)などがあり，一般に板絵の礼拝像(イコン)として普及した。西ヨーロッパではロマネスク期に丸彫座像(木身の金属像または彩色木像)として発達し，13世紀からそれがしだいに立像に代わった。…

※「Maria Orans」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報