…It is one of the three major synthetic fibers, and is the third most produced after polyester and nylon. Strictly speaking, it is divided into acrylic fiber and modacrylic fiber, the former of which is made up of 50% or more acrylonitrile (85% or more in the United States), and the latter of which is made up of 40-50% acrylonitrile (35-85% in the United States). It was known for a long time that acrylonitrile polymerizes to form a high molecular weight polymer, but the polymer is insoluble in many organic solvents and undergoes chemical changes when melted, so it was only with the discovery of a suitable spinning solvent that it became possible to produce fibers. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "modacrylic fiber" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…三大合成繊維の一つで,ポリエステル繊維,ナイロンに次ぐ生産量をもつ。厳密には,アクリル繊維acrylic fiberとアクリル系繊維modacrylic fiber(モダクリル繊維)とに区別され,前者はアクリロニトリルの分量が50%以上(アメリカでは85%以上)のもの,後者はアクリロニトリルが40~50%(アメリカでは35~85%)のものをいう。アクリロニトリルは重合して高分子量ポリマーになることは早くから知られていたが,ポリマーは多くの有機溶媒に不溶で,また溶融すると化学変化を起こすため,適当な紡糸用溶媒の発見によって初めて繊維の製造が可能になった。… ※「modacrylic fiber」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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