Generally, the vibration phenomenon that propagates through an elastic body based on its elasticity is called a sound wave. What we normally call "sound" is the vibration from a vibrating body that travels through the air as a longitudinal wave and reaches the ear, and refers to audible frequencies of approximately 16 to 20,000 hertz. Waves with frequencies higher than this that do not cause the sensation of sound are called ultrasound waves. From the differential equation (wave equation) describing sound waves, the speed of sound, c , is given by, where κ (kappa) is the bulk modulus and ρ (rho) is the density: [Yuichi Okuda] "Basic Physics Selection: Sound and Sound Waves" by Yutaka Kobashi (1969, Shokabo) " "Basic Acoustics: Vibrations, Waves, and Sound Waves" by Shigeru Yoshikawa and Hajime Fujita (2002, Kodansha) [Reference] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般に、弾性体中をその弾性に基づいて伝わる振動現象を音波という。普通「音」と称しているのは、振動体からの振動が縦波として空気中を伝わり耳に達するもので、可聴振動数、およそ16ヘルツから2万ヘルツのものをいう。これより振動数が大きくて、音としての感覚を引き起こさない波を超音波という。 音波を記述する微分方程式(波動方程式)より、音速cは、体積弾性率をκ(カッパ)、密度をρ(ロー)とすると、 [奥田雄一] 『小橋豊著『基礎物理学選書 音と音波』(1969・裳華房)』▽『吉川茂・藤田肇著『基礎音響学――振動・波動・音波』(2002・講談社)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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