Northern Buddhism

Japanese: Northern Buddhism(英語表記)NorthernBuddhism
Northern Buddhism

…The terms “Northern Buddhism” or “Northern Buddhism” and “Southern Buddhism” were originally given by European Buddhist scholars. Modern Buddhist studies began in the 19th century, overlapping with Indian studies. Western scholars called Buddhism based on Buddhist scriptures written in Pali obtained in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) “Southern Buddhism” and Buddhism based on Buddhist scriptures written in Sanskrit (or Buddhist Sanskrit) obtained in Nepal “Northern Buddhism”. Further expanding on these terms, Buddhism based on the Theravada tradition practiced in Southeast Asian countries such as Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia was also called “Southern Buddhism”, and Buddhism north of India, such as Tibet, China, Korea, and Japan, where Mahayana Buddhism is mainly practiced, was collectively called “Northern Buddhism” (Northern Buddhism). …

*Some of the terminology referenced in "Northern Buddhism" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…〈北伝仏教〉あるいは〈北方仏教〉,およびこれに対する〈南伝仏教〉または〈南方仏教〉という呼称は,もとはヨーロッパの仏教学者によって与えられたものである。近代学としての仏教学はインド学と重なって19世紀に始められたが,西欧の学者は,スリランカ(セイロン)で得たパーリ語で著された仏教典籍に基づく仏教を〈Southern Buddhism〉と呼び,ネパールで入手したサンスクリット(あるいは仏教梵語)で書かれた仏典に基づく仏教を〈Northern Buddhism〉と称した。さらにこれらを敷衍して,ミャンマー,タイ,ラオス,カンボジアなどの東南アジア諸国に行われている上座部の系統を引く仏教をも〈南方仏教〉と呼び,これに対して主として大乗仏教が行われているチベット,中国,朝鮮,日本などのインド以北の仏教を総称して〈北伝仏教〉(〈北方仏教〉)と呼ぶことになった。…

※「Northern Buddhism」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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