...In addition, in early Roman law, it was said that "no right of action arises from a bare agreement (ex nudo pacto nascitur non actio)" and a contract was binding on the parties only if it was made in a certain form, but in the process of the law changing in the direction of respecting will, it came to be treated as a natural obligation arising from a bare (formal) agreement. This traditional idea was inherited in French law as obligation naturelle and in German law as naturliche Verbindlichkeit. Of course, under modern law, which recognizes the right of all human beings as subjects of rights and is based on the principle of freedom of contract and therefore freedom of form, there is no room for a natural obligation with the same content as in Roman law. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "obligation naturelle" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,初期ローマ法では〈裸の合意から訴権は生じないex nudo pacto nascitur non actio〉とされ,契約は一定の方式によってなされた場合にのみ,当事者を拘束したのであるが,意思を尊重する方向へと法が変わっていく過程で,裸の(無方式の)合意から,自然債務が生じると扱われるようになった。 この伝統的観念は,フランス法ではobligation naturelle,ドイツ法ではnatürliche Verbindlichkeitとして継承された。もちろん,すべての人間に権利主体性を認め,契約自由したがって方式自由を原則とする近代以降の法の下では,ローマ法におけると同じ内容の自然債務が存在する余地はない。… ※「obligation naturelle」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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