Pairidaeza (English spelling)

Japanese: pairidaēza(英語表記)pairidaeza
Pairidaeza (English spelling)

…The foundation of Islamic culture is the tradition of Sassanid Persian culture, and gardens are no exception. The tradition of the ancient Persian palace gardens, with their orderly rows of trees, ponds, and enclosed spaces that also served as gardens for raising birds and animals, was maintained even during the Islamic period.

From Heaven

...It is particularly important as a concept of the afterlife in the traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and the word "heaven" is also translated as "kingdom of heaven." It is also often used in the same sense as "paradise" (derived from the Persian word pairidaēza, originally meaning "enclosed place" or "garden," and is also considered to be the same as the "Garden of Eden") and "kingdom of God." In ancient Babylonia, the world was considered to be a three-tiered structure consisting of the heavens, the earth, and the underworld, and it was believed that far above the earth where humans live, there was a sacred canopy that arched over the earth.

From Paradise

…The word paradise is used in many European languages, such as paradise (English), paradies (German), paradis (French), and paradiso (Italian). The word originates from the ancient Persian word pairidaēza, and its original meaning was a daēza surrounded by pairi, which meant a hunting ground that was enclosed by royalty and nobility for the enjoyment of hunting, especially in areas with a lot of game. The requirements for paradise are already included in this, such as a sufficient means of sustaining life and the inclusion of an element of pleasure. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "pairidaēza" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…イスラム文化の基盤にはササン朝ペルシア文化の伝統があるが,庭園の場合も例外ではない。整然とした木立が並び,池泉が設けられ,鳥獣を飼育する苑囿(えんゆう)をも兼ねた囲みのある古代ペルシアの宮苑パイリダエーザpairidaēza(〈塀で周囲を囲んだ〉の意。〈パラダイスparadise〉の語源)の伝統は,イスラム時代に入ってからも保持された。…

【天国】より

…特にユダヤ教,キリスト教,イスラムの伝統における他界観念として重要で,〈天国〉の語もkingdom of heavenの訳である。また,パラダイスparadise(ペルシア語pairidaēzaに由来し,原義は〈囲われた場所〉ないし〈園〉で,〈エデンの園〉とも同一視される)や,〈神の国kingdom of God〉と同じ意味で使われることも多い。 古代バビロニアでは,世界は天上界と地上界と冥界からなる3層の建造物と考えられ,人間の住む地上界のはるか上方には,地上をアーチ状に覆う聖なる天蓋があると信じられていた。…

【楽園】より

…パラダイスparadise(英語),パラディースParadies(ドイツ語),パラディparadis(フランス語),パラディゾparadiso(イタリア語)などのように,ヨーロッパ諸言語で〈楽園〉を表す語はすべて共通している。語源は古代ペルシア語pairidaēzaであり,原義は〈周囲をpairi囲われたdaēza〉で,王侯貴族がとくに獲物の多い土地を,自分たちの狩猟の楽しみのために囲い込んだ猟園を意味したらしい。そこにはすでに,生命維持の手段が十分に保証されていること,そして享楽の要素までがともなうこと,など楽園の要件がこめられている。…

※「pairidaēza」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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