Physiological logos

Japanese: physiologoi
Physiological logos

… There is a tradition that most thinkers before Socrates, that is, during what Nietzsche calls the “Greek Tragic Age,” wrote books with the same title, “On Nature (Physis).” As can be inferred from this, the most basic subject of thought for the ancient Greeks was “nature (physis).” This is why Aristotle called the “pre-Socratic thinkers” who were active mainly in the Ionian cultural sphere, from Thales to Anaxagoras and Democritus, “physiologoi” or “physikoi,” that is, “those who discuss physis.” However, the “physis” that was the subject of their speculation was not so-called external nature. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "physiologoi" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… ソクラテス以前,つまりニーチェのいわゆる〈ギリシア悲劇時代〉の思想家のほとんどが《自然(フュシス)について》という同じ表題で本を書いたという伝承があるが,そこからも推測されるように,古い時代のギリシア人にとってもっとも基本的な思索の主題は〈自然(フュシスphysis)〉であった。タレスにはじまりアナクサゴラスやデモクリトスにいたる,主としてイオニア文化圏で活躍した〈ソクラテス以前の思想家たち〉を,アリストテレスが〈フュシオロゴイphysiologoi〉ないし〈フュシコイphysikoi〉,つまり〈フュシスを論ずる人たち〉と呼んだのも,そのゆえである。しかし,彼らの思索の主題となっていた〈フュシス〉はいわゆる外的自然ではない。…

※「physiologoi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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