pomerium

Japanese: pomerium

...In other words, the idea of mutual exchange between gods and humans, that by paying homage to the gods and performing rituals for them, peace and prosperity are given as blessings, an idea expressed in Latin as do ut des (meaning "I give because you, the gods, give"), is found here, and it can be said that such an idea formed the basis of Roman religion up to the end of antiquity. In Rome, the king himself seems to have performed the function of a priest, and in the founding myth, the origin of the city is traced to a sacred circular land called the pomerium, which continued to be maintained as a sacred area throughout the Republican period, showing the strong connection between the Roman state and religion. As the state grew, the number of priests also increased (the Salian priesthood, the priesthood of Jupiter, the Vestal Virgins). ...

From Rome [City]

…Around 650 BC, under the influence of Etruscan rule, the individual settlements of the Latins and Sabines merged, and the city-state of Rome was established through the “concentration” of the Seven Hills, with the Capitoline Hill as a fortress and a common sacred area, and the lowlands below as a forum. The city was surrounded by a boundary line consecrated by a special ceremony called the pomerium, which separated the city from the suburbs, but the oldest city was divided into four. The area within the sacred and inviolable pomerium was the “urbs” in the religious sense, and national ceremonies were held and the complete freedom of Roman citizens was protected only within the city, so the city and the suburbs were clearly separated. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "pomerium" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…つまりここには神々に崇敬を払い，そのための祭儀をなすことによって，恩恵としての安寧と繁栄が与えられる，という神と人との相互授受の観念，ラテン語でdo ut des(〈神々たる汝が与え給わんがために我は与える〉の意)と表現される観念がみいだされ，このような観念は古代末期に至るまでのローマの宗教の根底をなしたといえる。ローマでは王自体が祭司の機能を果たしていたらしく，建国神話においても都市の起源がポメリウムpomeriumと呼ばれる神聖な円い土地に求められ，共和政期を通じて，そこは神聖な領域として保持され続けたこともローマ国家と宗教の強固なつながりを示す。国家の成長に伴って神官も増えた(サリ神官団，ユピテル祭司団，ウェスタの巫女)。…

【ローマ[市]】より

…前650年ころ，エトルリア人支配の影響下，ラテン人とサビニ人の個別的集落が合体し，〈集住〉によって，七丘を中心に，カピトリヌス丘を砦，共同の神域とし，その下の低地を広場とする都市国家ローマが成立した。ポメリウムpomeriumという特別な儀式で聖別された境界線が町を囲み，市域と市外を分けたが，最古の町は四つに区分された。神聖不可侵のポメリウムの内が宗教的な意味での〈市urbs〉であり，国家的な儀式が行われ，ローマ市民の完全な自由が守られるのは市内に限られ，市域と市外は画然と分けられた。…

※「pomerium」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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