...In America, A. King and J. W. Black succeeded in taking oblique photographs of downtown Boston from a balloon in 1862, and in the summer of the same year, the Union Army took aerial photographs of Confederate positions during the Civil War. At the end of the 19th century, the principle that a distorted photographic image taken through a lens can be projected back using the same lens to obtain a distorted light image (Porro-Koppe's principle) was discovered, and in 1901 a stereophotographic measuring instrument was produced in Germany. After that, the First and Second World Wars led to remarkable progress in the fields of surveying, interpretation, and various map-making using aerial photographs, coupled with improvements in film, advances in aircraft and photography technology, and the development of precision plotting equipment. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention the "Porro-Koppe's Principle" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…またアメリカにおいても62年キングA.KingおよびブラックJ.W.Blackが気球からボストン市街の斜め写真の撮影に成功し,また同年夏には,南北戦争のさなかに,北軍が南軍の陣地を空中写真で撮影したなどの記録がある。 19世紀の終りのころには,レンズを通して写し,そのひずみをうけた写真像を,同じレンズを用いて逆に投影すると,ひずみが再び除かれた光像が得られるという原理(ポロ・コッペの原理Porro‐Koppe’s Principle)が発見され,1901年にはドイツで実体写真測定器が製作されている。その後第1次,第2次世界大戦などを契機にして,空中写真による測量,判読,各種の地図作成の分野は,フィルムの改良,航空機および撮影技術の進歩,精密図化機の開発などと相まって目ざましい進歩をとげた。… ※「Porro-Koppe's Principle」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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