...It is generally said that there were no castles in the central and northern Arabian Peninsula, but the words Hisn (ḥiṣna) and qal'a mean fortresses, and they appear to have existed before Islam. In the first half of the 6th century, the story of the Arab Samau'al b.'Ādiyā, who practiced Judaism, taking refuge in the castle of al-Ablak near present-day Taimā', appears in Volume 19 of the Book of Songs, and in Samau'al's own poem there is a passage that reads, "A castle with strong walls, and a well from which water can be drawn at will..." After Islam, the Arabs widely conquered the territories of the Byzantine Empire and Persia, and many of these cities were surrounded by walls, and the stories of the capture of Damascus and Babylon in Egypt give us some idea of what the walls were like at that time. *Part of the glossary that mentions "Samau'al b.'Ādiyā" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…アラビア半島中北部には城らしいものはなかったとふつういわれているが,ヒスンḥiṣn(ヒスナḥiṣna),カルアqal‘aなどということばは城砦を意味し,イスラム以前から存在したらしい。6世紀の前半,ユダヤ教を奉ずるアラブのサマウアルSamau’al b.‘Ādiyāが現在のタイマーTaimā’の付近のアブラクal‐Ablakの城に立てこもった話は《歌謡の書》19巻などに見え,サマウアル自身の詩に,〈堅固な壁の城,思うままに水の汲める井戸のある……〉の一節がある。イスラム以後になると,アラブはビザンティン帝国やペルシアの領土をひろく征服したが,その多くの都市はみな城壁をめぐらしたものであり,ダマスクスやエジプトのバビロン城などの攻略物語は,当時の城壁のありさまを推察させるものがある。… ※「Samau'al b.‘Ādiyā」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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