1849‐1912 The founder of metallography in France. Graduated from the Central School of Art and Design. He studied the microscopic structure of steel at the Clouzot Steelworks from 1880, and from 1884 onwards continued his research using thermal analysis in the laboratories of HL Le Châtelier and LJ Troost in Paris. In 1885 he advocated the theory that quench hardening of steel is caused by β-iron (one of the iron allotropes). He famously debated with JO Arnold, who argued that β-iron is too soft to cause hardening. He confirmed the existence of various transformation points in steel using thermal analysis, and determined the crystal system of iron allotropes (α, β, γ iron) by reducing ferric chloride with hydrogen. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1849‐1912 フランスにおける金属組織学の創始者。中央工芸学校出身。1880年からクルーゾー製鉄所で鉄鋼の顕微鏡組織を研究し,84年以後パリでH.L.ル・シャトリエ,L.J.トルーストの研究室で熱分析法も用いて研究を続けた。85年から鋼の焼入硬化の原因はβ鉄(鉄の同素体の一つ)にあるという理論を主張した。これに対して,β鉄は軟らかくて硬化の原因とはならないとするJ.O.アーノルドとの論争は有名。熱分析法によって鉄鋼の諸変態点の存在を確認し,塩化鉄の水素還元法で鉄同素体(α,β,γ鉄)の結晶系を決定した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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