In the garden

Japanese: 庭中 - ていちゅう

〘noun〙① In the garden. Within the garden. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century) 18.4070. Title: " _One poem, _one song, in the garden, of cows and wheat flowers" [Book of Rites - Touhou] ② A direct oral appeal from the garden of the residence of a nobleman such as the Shogun. Also, a direct appeal made in such a place. ※Ikebehon Goseibai Shikimoku Chu (early Muromachi period) Article 29: "In the garden means going directly to the Imperial Palace, standing in the garden, waiting for the Shogun to appear, giving a direct indication, and making a direct appeal." ③ A courtroom. It corresponds to the Imperial Court's record office and educational hall, and the seat of councils in the Kamakura Shogunate. ※Goseibai Shikimoku (1232), Article 29: "If the magistrate is _lax in his _orders , he shall make _a _{_petition} in the courtroom for ₂₂₀ days after _{the end} of the _lunar calendar." ④ In the litigation system of the Kamakura and Muromachi Shogunates, when the magistrate in charge of a lawsuit was showing favoritism or there was an error in the litigation procedure, a petition would be submitted to the court. In the Kamakura Shogunate, there was the Gozenteichu, where petitions were submitted to the Council, and the Hikitsuke Teichu, where petitions were submitted to the Hikitsuke, and a Teichu Magistrate was placed in Rokuhara. In the Muromachi Shogunate, the Teichukata handled petitions. They were also placed in the Imperial Court from the late Kamakura period to the Muromachi period. ※Mongol Shurai Ekotoba (around 1293): "Tokino no Onbugyaau, Akita no Jau no Sukedo no Yasumori no Omi, petition submitted." ⑤ In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, a direct petition to the Shogun. It was generally prohibited, but sometimes it was allowed by special provisions. *Kanmon Gyo-ki - November 25, 1418 (Oei 25th year) "When the Muromachi Emperor went into seclusion in Kitano, he ordered _{the nuns} _to sing in the forest _and in _{the garden} ."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 庭の中。庭内。※万葉（８Ｃ後）一八・四〇七〇・題詞「詠_二庭中牛麦花_一歌一首」〔礼記‐投壺〕② 将軍など貴人の邸宅の庭さきから口頭で直訴すること。また、そのような場に提起される直訴。※池辺本御成敗式目注（室町初か）二九条「庭中とは直に御所へ参り、御庭にしこういたして、将軍の御出をうかかい、直に目安をささけて、直に事を申上る也」③ 法廷。朝廷の記録所および文殿、鎌倉幕府の評定の座などにあたる。※御成敗式目（1232）二九条「奉行人若令_二緩怠_一、空経_二二十ケ日_一於_二庭中_一可_レ申_レ之」④ 鎌倉・室町幕府の訴訟制度で、訴訟担当の奉行が依怙贔屓(えこひいき)をしたり訴訟手続に誤りがあったりしたときなどに、裁判所に申状を提出して訴えること。鎌倉幕府では、評定に訴える御前庭中、引付に訴える引付庭中があり、六波羅には庭中奉行が置かれた。室町幕府では庭中方がこの申状を処理した。また、朝廷でも鎌倉後期から室町時代にかけておかれた。※蒙古襲来絵詞（1293頃）「ときの御をんぶぎゃう、あきたのじゃうのすけどのやすもりの御まへにてていちう申事」⑤ 鎌倉・室町時代、将軍に直訴すること。一般的に禁止されていたが、ときに特例によって許されることもあった。※看聞御記‐応永二五年（1418）一一月二五日「室町殿北野参籠之時、以_二比丘尼_一林歌令_二庭中_一云々」

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