single-electrode potential

...In other words, if the potential inside the electrode phase is Φ _E and the potential inside the solution phase is Φ _S , then the electrode potential is equal to Φ _E - Φ _S. This is sometimes called the single-electrode potential. Although it is not possible to actually measure the value of the electrode potential defined in this way, by combining the electrode system in question with a specific reference electrode (for example, a standard hydrogen electrode, a calomel electrode, a silver-silver chloride electrode, etc.) to create a battery and measuring the voltage between the terminals, the value of the electrode potential can be known relatively. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "single-electrode potential" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…すなわち，電極相内部の電位をΦ_E，溶液相内部の電位をΦ_Sとすると，電極電位はΦ_E－Φ_Sに等しい。これを単極電位single‐electrode potentialということもある。このように定義した電極電位そのものの値を実測することはできないが，問題の電極系を特定の基準電極(たとえば，標準水素電極，甘汞（かんこう）電極，銀‐塩化銀電極など)と組み合わせて電池をつくり，その端子間電圧を測れば，電極電位の値を相対的に知ることができる。…

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出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報