skattebonde

...This military service tax and the in-kind tax, which originated from the shipment of butter, flour, and other supplies of food, became the main taxes of medieval Scandinavian peasants, and this tax also continued to be called lesang. Peasants became taxed peasants (skattebonde), and unlike voluntary donations and armed self-financed military service, the new flat-rate tax indicated subordination to the state and kingship. However, the fact that it originated from military service as a proof of being a free man and that it had the same name still expressed the freedom of medieval peasants.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "skattebonde" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…この軍役代納金と，船に積みこむべきバター，粉などの糧秣を起源とする現物納入とは，北欧中世農民の主要な税となり，この税もまたレイザングとよばれつづけた。農民は課税農民skattebondeとなり，自発的贈与や武装自弁の軍役とちがって新たな定額課税は国家･王権への従属を示す。しかしそれが自由人の証左としての軍役を起源とし，同じ名称をもったことはなお中世農民の自由を表現している。…

※「skattebonde」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報