Daisaku Souma - Daisaku Souma

A ronin from the Nanbu (Morioka) clan. The mastermind behind the Hiyama Uprising (Nanbu Uprising). His real name was Shimotomai Hidenoshin. His father was a samurai of the Nanbu clan. In 1803 (Kyowa 3), at the age of 15, he went to Edo and trained under Hirayama Gyozo (Shiryo). After returning home, he opened a dojo called Heiseikaku in Fukuoka (Ninohe City, Iwate Prefecture) and taught military tactics and artillery. The conflict between the Tsugaru (Hirosaki) and Nanbu clans had existed since the establishment of the clans, but in the mid-Edo period it manifested itself as a competition for family status. In 1808 (Bunka 5), ​​the Tsugaru clan rose to 100,000 koku, and in 1820 (Bunsei 3), the clan's lord, Tsugaru Yasuchika, was finally promoted to chamberlain. Enraged by this, Daisaku, who believed it to be the result of injustice, conspired with Seki Ryosuke and others to attack Yasuchika on April 4, 1821, at Iwanukiyama (also known as Yatate Pass) in Shirasawa Village (Odate City, Akita Prefecture), but the plan was discovered and failed (Hiyama Incident). He fled to Edo, where he opened a dojo under the pseudonym Soma Daisaku, but was captured in the New Year of the following year and executed by execution at Kozukahara in August. It is said that Daisaku was also deeply interested in the security of the north.

[Mutsumi Kudo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

南部（盛岡）藩の浪人。檜山(ひやま)騒動（南部騒動）の首謀者。本名は下斗米秀之進(しもとまいひでのしん)。父は南部藩士。1803年（享和3）15歳で江戸に出、平山行蔵(ひらやまぎょうぞう)（子龍(しりょう)）の門に入り修業。帰郷して福岡（岩手県二戸(にのへ)市）に道場兵聖閣(へいせいかく)を開き、兵法と砲術を指南する。津軽（弘前(ひろさき)）・南部両藩の対立は立藩以来のものだが、江戸中期には家格競争となって表れた。08年（文化5）津軽藩は10万石に高直りし、20年（文政3）藩主津軽寧親(やすちか)はついに侍従に昇進した。これを不正によるものと憤激した大作は、関良助らと謀り21年4月4日、白沢村（秋田県大館(おおだて)市）岩抜山(いわぬきやま)（一説に矢立(やたて)峠とも）で寧親襲撃を企てたが、事が露見し暗殺計画は失敗した（檜山騒動）。江戸へ逃れ相馬大作と変名し道場を開いたが、翌年正月捕らえられ、8月小塚原(こづかっぱら)で獄門に処せられた。大作は北方警備にも強い関心を抱いていた人物という。

［工藤睦男］

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