...Following the Vedic framework, these festivals are centered on fire offerings to various deities through complex procedures (throwing offerings into the fire), but from the rituals specific to each festival, we can see elements of annual events deeply related to daily life and productive activities. The Indian calendar of this period divides the year into six seasons: spring (March, April), summer (May, June), rainy season (July, August), autumn (September, October), winter (November, December), and cold season (January, February), but the calendar of annual events often starts with the Śravaṇā festival, which marks the beginning of the rainy season (the festival is usually held on the full moon day of that month). This festival is held to avoid the harm caused by snakes, which become active during the rainy season. To pacify the snakes, a ritual called "bali" (a non-fire offering) of roasted wheat flour is offered, and a ritual to make a memorial for the snake is also held. In addition, a ritual to pour water around the house and draw a circle three times and pray for the snakes not to enter the circle. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Śravaṇā" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ベーダに伝えられる祭式の枠組みに従い,これらの祭りは複雑な手続による諸神格への火供(祭火に供物を投ずること)を中心に構成されるが,それに付け加えられたそれぞれの祭りに固有な儀礼からは,日常生活や生産活動に深くかかわる年中行事の要素をみることができる。 この時代のインドの暦は1年を春(3月,4月),夏(5月,6月),雨季(7月,8月),秋(9月,10月),冬(11月,12月),寒季(1月,2月)の6季に分けるが,〈年中行事の暦〉は雨季の初めの祭りシュラバナーŚravaṇāを冒頭に置く例が多い(祭りは通常,その月の満月の日に行われる)。この祭りは雨季に活発になる蛇の害を避けるため,蛇を融和する炒麦粉のバリ(火供によらない供物)をささげ,さらにバリを供養する儀礼,また家のまわりに水を注いで輪を3回描き,それより内に蛇が入らないよう祈る儀礼などが行われる。… ※「Śravaṇā」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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