structural-functionalism

Japanese: structural-functionalism(英語表記)structuralfunctionalism
structural-functionalism

...In other words, what explains the formation and change of a structure is the function as the performance of that structure. The theory that links structure and function in this way is called structural-functionalism, and forms the mainstream of modern sociology. However, structural-functionalism is not the only theory about social structure, and there are many different concepts of social structure currently in use.

From Parsons

...In May of the following year, he was invited by the University of Heidelberg to give a lecture commemorating the 50th anniversary of his doctorate, and the day after the lecture, he died suddenly of heart disease in Munich. Parsons's sociological theory is systematized under the names "General Theory of Action" and "Social Systems Theory," and is characterized methodologically as "structural-functionalism." Parsons made his debut in academia in 1937 with his 800-page magnum opus, "The Structure of Social Action." ...

From [Cultural Anthropology]

…It began with the establishment of social anthropology in Britain. These were BK Malinowski's functionalism and Radcliffe Brown's structural-functionalism. Both men learned a lot from the theories of French sociologist É. Durkheim, and viewed the whole not as a mere sum of its parts, but as a functional unit or functional entity, and aimed to investigate the structure of the whole and the functions of the parts.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "structural-functionalism" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…すなわち,一つの構造の形成と変動を説明するものは,その構造のパフォーマンスとしての機能である。構造と機能とをこのようにして結びつける理論は,構造‐機能主義structural‐functionalismと呼ばれ,現代社会学の主流を形成している。しかし構造‐機能主義は社会構造についての理論として唯一のものではなく,現在行われている社会構造概念は多様である。…

【パーソンズ】より

…翌79年5月,ハイデルベルク大学から学位取得50周年記念講演に招聘(しようへい)され,講演をすませた翌日,ミュンヘンにおいて心臓疾患のため急逝した。 パーソンズの社会学理論は,〈行為の一般理論〉および〈社会システム理論〉という名によって体系化されており,方法論的には〈構造‐機能主義structural‐functionalism〉として特徴づけられている。 パーソンズは1937年に800ページにのぼる大著《社会的行為の構造The Structure of Social Action》によって学界に登場した。…

【文化人類学】より

…それはイギリスにおける社会人類学の成立を契機とする。B.K.マリノフスキーの機能主義functionalismおよび,ラドクリフ・ブラウンの構造・機能主義structural‐functionalismと呼ばれる立場がそれである。両人はフランスの社会学者É.デュルケームの理論に多くを学び,全体を部分の単なる総和ではなく,機能的統合体もしくは機能的まとまりとしてとらえ,全体の構造と部分の機能を究明することを指向した。…

※「structural-functionalism」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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