Impedance matching

Japanese: インピーダンス整合 - インピーダンスせいごう(英語表記)impedance matching
Impedance matching
In electric circuits, matching refers to maximizing the power transmitted from a signal source (power source) to a load. This is satisfied when the impedances of both are in a complex conjugate relationship (if both are resistances, they have the same value), and adjusting and matching the impedance to satisfy this condition is called impedance matching. When connecting a load through a transmission line, if the characteristic impedance of the line and the impedance of the load do not match, reflections will occur and standing waves will form. The presence of reflected waves will cause deterioration of the transmitted waveform and can cause malfunctions in digital circuits. To match this, an appropriate circuit network such as a transformer is inserted between the loads to convert the impedance.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
電気回路において,信号源 (電源) から負荷に伝送される電力が最大になるようにすることを整合という。これは両者のインピーダンスが互いに複素共役の関係 (ともに抵抗ならば同じ値) にあるとき満たされるが,この条件を満たすようにインピーダンスを調整し整合させることをインピーダンス整合という。伝送線を通して負荷をつなぐ場合,線路の特性インピーダンスと負荷のインピーダンスが整合していないと反射が生じて定在波ができる。反射波の存在は送信波形の劣化を発生させ,デジタル回路では誤動作の原因ともなる。これを整合させるには,変圧器など適当な回路網を間に入れてインピーダンスの変換を行う。

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