Strychnos

Japanese: Strychnos

...A dark brown poison used by the natives of the tropical lowlands of South America, especially in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, to apply poison to the tips of their arrows. There are many different plants from which the poison is derived, but the most common is several species of Strychnos in the family Strychnos, whose bark is thoroughly boiled and then simmered to produce curare. Other plants that are used as arrow poison include Chondrodendron , Abuta , and Telitoxicum in the family Menispermaceae, and Nectandra in the family Lauraceae.

From [Machin]

…An evergreen or deciduous tall tree of the Logaceae family, famous for being a poisonous plant. The trunk is straight and grows to about 15m in height, but larger ones are said to grow up to 30m. The leaves are opposite, ovate to round-ovate, slightly pointed at the tip, thick and glossy, with a midrib and two veins on each side from the base, and often five-veined. The flowers are numerous and greenish-white in color, in a cyme that grows at the top of the stem. The tip of the tubular flower tube, 1 to 1.2 cm long, has five lobes. Five stamens are attached to the inside of the flower tube, and one pistil. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Strychnos" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…南アメリカの熱帯低地，とくにアマゾン川やオリノコ川流域の原住民が毒矢の先に塗る黒褐色の毒物。毒を得る基源植物はいろいろであるが，もっとも代表的なものはマチン科ストリクノス属Strychnosの数種で，樹皮をよく煮たあとの煮つめた煮汁がクラーレである。また，ツヅラフジ科のバリエラChondrodendron，アブータAbuta，テリトキシクムTelitoxicumなどの諸属や，クスノキ科のネクタンドラ属Nectandraの植物も同様に矢毒として利用される。…

【マチン】より

…有毒植物として有名なマチン科の常緑あるいは落葉の高木。幹は直通し，樹高15mほどになるが，大きなものは30mにまでなるといわれる。葉は対生し，卵形から円卵形で，先はやや尾状にとがり，厚質で光沢があり，基部から中肋および左右2本ずつの脈を出し，5行脈になることが多い。花は茎頂に生じる集散花序に多数つき，帯緑白色。1～1.2cmの長さの筒状の花筒部の先端は5裂する。5本のおしべは花筒内面につき，めしべは1本。…

※「Strychnos」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Struve, OWvon (English spelling) StruveOWvon

>>: Stryk, S.