Stavisky Affair - L'affaire Stavisky; Stavisky Affair

Japanese: スタビスキー事件 - スタビスキーじけん(英語表記)L'affaire Stavisky; Stavisky Affair
Stavisky Affair - L'affaire Stavisky; Stavisky Affair
A corruption scandal that plunged the French Third Republic (1870-1940) into crisis. In late December 1933, the Bayonne Municipal Credit Bank went bankrupt due to a large amount of counterfeit securities. The Minister of Colonies in the Radical Socialist government of C. Chautain was implicated in the bankruptcy. It was also reported that the bank's founder, A. Stavisky, who was considered the mastermind behind the crime, had protections in the political and police circles and had been granted bail for a long period of time. When Stavisky's body was discovered on January 8, 1934, the police announced that it was a suicide, but right-wing forces began to attack the government and parliamentary system, claiming that the murder was an attempt to cover up scandals involving influential people in the political world, including cabinet members and members of parliament. On January 27, the cabinet resigned en masse, and on the 30th, the E. Daladier cabinet was formed, but right-wing groups such as the Croix de Fou and Action Française intensified their demonstrations in the streets of Paris, and on February 6th, they surrounded the parliament and attempted a coup. The plan failed, with 15 people killed, but the cabinet fell the next day, and on the 9th of the same month, the right-wing national cabinet of G. Doumergue was formed, and the danger of fascism became imminent. On the same day, left-wing workers held a large-scale demonstration in Paris, and on February 12th, a 24-hour nationwide anti-fascist general strike was held. The subsequent worsening of the crisis gave rise to the Popular Front.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
フランス第三共和政 (1870~1940) を危機に陥れた疑獄事件。世界恐慌の影響,隣国におけるナチスの政権獲得,政局の極度の不安定といった条件下のフランスで,1933年 12月末バイヨンヌ市立信用銀行が大量の偽造証券により破産,急進社会党の C.ショータン内閣の植民地相がそれに関与していることが暴露され,さらにこの犯罪の主犯と目された同銀行創設者 A.スタビスキーが政界や警察内部に保護者をもち,長期間の保釈を許されていることが報道された。 34年1月8日にスタビスキーの死体が発見されると,警察は自殺と発表したが,右翼勢力は閣僚や議員を含む政界有力者のスキャンダルを隠蔽する殺害事件として政府や議会制度の攻撃に乗出した。1月 27日内閣は総辞職,30日に É.ダラディエ内閣が成立したが,クロア・ド・フ,アクシオン・フランセーズなどの右翼団体はパリ街頭での示威行動を強め,2月6日に議会を包囲,クーデターを企てた。計画は死者 15名を出して失敗したが,翌日内閣は倒れ,同月9日に右翼的な G.ドゥーメルグ挙国内閣が成立,ファシズムの危険が切迫した。左翼系の労働者は同日,パリで大規模なデモを展開,2月 12日には全国 24時間の反ファシズム・ゼネストが行われた。そしてその後の危機の深刻化が人民戦線を生み出した。

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