subject

Japanese: subjectum
subject

…But even here, the existence of such an indefinite individual is thought to become a complete being only when it is complemented by the existence of something that is, and an unstable conflict between the two is can be seen here. This hypokeimenon is translated into Latin as subjectum (something that is thrown down), and shumbebekos is translated as accidents (contingency), and this concept of substratum-attribute has been inherited in medieval scholastic philosophy and even in modern philosophy.
[Subjective-Objective and Subject-Objective]
The word subjectum, the Latin translation of "hypoceimenon," was used in scholastic and early modern philosophy to mean a "substance" that exists in itself and is responsible for actions, qualities, and states.

*Some terminology explanations that mention "subjectum" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかしここでも,そうした無規定的な個物の〈がある(ト・ホティ・エスティン)〉という存在が,〈である(ト・ティ・エスティン)〉という存在によって補われてはじめてまったき存在者になると考えられているわけであり,そこには二つの〈ある〉の不安定な葛藤がうかがわれる。この〈ヒュポケイメノン〉がラテン語ではsubjectum(下に投げ出されてあるもの)と訳され,〈シュンベベコス〉がaccidens(偶有性)と訳されて,〈基体‐属性〉というこのとらえ方は中世のスコラ哲学や,さらには近代哲学にもそのまま受けつがれてゆくのである。
【主観‐客観と主体‐客体】
 〈ヒュポケイメノン〉のラテン訳であるsubjectumという言葉は,スコラ哲学や近代初期の哲学においては,それ自体で存在し,もろもろの作用・性質・状態を担う〈基体〉という意味で使われていた。…

※「subjectum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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