Kozintsev, GM

Japanese: Kozintsev，G.M.（英語表記）KozintsevGM

...On February 15, 1919, at the initiative of Gorky, Mariya Fyodorovna Andreeva (1868-1953), Blok and others, the orchestra was founded with the opening performance of Schiller's Don Carlos in the Conservatory Hall (performances have been held in the current building since 1920), and went on to perform works by Shakespeare, Molière, Schiller, Hugo and Goldoni in succession. In the early 1920s, it attracted attention by actively staging works of German Expressionism. In time, the company created its own unique image by staging a series of Gorky's works, including "Egor Bulychev and Others" (1932), "Dostigayev and Others" (1933), "The Villars" (1939), and "Enemies" (1948). However, apart from "King Lear" (1941) directed by Grigori Mikhailovich Kozintsev (1905-73), the company had few notable productions. Since Tovstonogov became the chief director in 1956, the company has been reborn as one of the leading theater companies in the Soviet Union.

From Soviet cinema

…
[After "Thaw"]
The "thaw" phenomenon in the film world that followed Stalin's death in 1953 was exemplified by films such as GN Chukhrai's (1921- ) films Malyutka (1956) and Vacation (1959), and MK Kalatozov's (1903-73) films War and Chastity (1957) and The Unsent Letter (1960).Although some criticized the division of theme and form and the stylization of the works, they were highly acclaimed internationally. There was also a notable rise in literary films, with film adaptations of classic works of Russian literature such as SG Bondarchuk's (1920-94) tetralogy War and Peace (1966-67), AG Zarkhi's (1908- ) Anna Karenina (1968), and Pyriev's The Brothers Karamazov (1969), as well as faithful adaptations of Shakespeare's classics such as Hamlet (1964) and King Lear (1972) directed by GMKozintsev. New directors of a different generation from the pre-war directors who had experienced the imperial regime and revolution also appeared. Tarkovsky (1932-86), a graduate of the National Film School, whose debut film, My Village Was a Battlefield (1962), won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, and his second film, Andrei Rublev (1966), a realistic portrayal of a 15th-century Russian monk, was banned from release until 1971, but his third film, Solaris (1972), won the Special Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kozintsev, GM" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…1919年2月15日，ゴーリキー，アンドレーエワMariya Fyodorovna Andreeva(1868‐1953)，ブロークらの発意により，シラーの《ドン･カルロス》を音楽院ホールでこけら落しに上演して発足し(1920年から現在の建物で公演)，シェークスピア，モリエール，シラー，ユゴー，ゴルドーニを相次いで上演，20年代初頭にはドイツ表現主義の作品を積極的に上演して注目を集めた。やがて《エゴール･ブルイチョフとその他の人びと》(1932)，《ドスチガーエフとその他の人びと》(1933)，《別荘の人びと》(1939)，《敵》(1948)などゴーリキーの一連の作品を上演して，独自の〈顔〉をつくったが，ほかにはコージンツェフGrigorii Mikhailovich Kozintsev(1905‐73)演出の《リア王》(1941)などを除けば話題作にはとぼしかった。56年にトフストノーゴフが主任演出家に就任して以来，生まれ変わり，ソ連有数の劇団になった。…

【ソビエト映画】より

…
［〈雪どけ〉以後］
　1953年のスターリンの死後における映画界の〈雪どけ〉現象は，チュフライG.N.Chukhrai(1921‐　)監督《女狙撃兵マリュートカ》(1956)，《誓いの休暇》(1959)，カラトーゾフM.K.Kalatozov(1903‐73)監督《戦争と貞操》(1957)，《送られなかった手紙》(1960)などに代表され，主題と形式の分裂や図式化が指摘されたりもしたが，国際的に高く評価された。文芸映画の隆盛も顕著な傾向で，ボンダルチュクS.G.Bondarchuk(1920‐94)監督の四部作《戦争と平和》(1966‐67)，ザルヒA.G.Zarkhi(1908‐　)監督《アンナ･カレーニナ》(1968)，プイリエフ監督《カラマーゾフの兄弟》(1969)，そのほかロシア文学の古典的名作が映画化され，コージンツェフG.M.Kozintsev(1905‐73)監督《ハムレット》(1964)，《リア王》(1972)などシェークスピアの古典を〈忠実に〉映画化した作品もある。　帝政や革命を経験した戦前の作家とは世代の異なる新しい監督も登場し，国立映画学校出身のタルコフスキーA.Tarkovskii(1932‐86)監督の処女作《僕の村は戦場だった》(1962)はベネチア映画祭で金獅子賞を受賞し，15世紀ロシアの修道士をリアルに描いた第2作《アンドレイ･ルブリョフ》(1966)は71年まで公開を禁止されたが，第3作《惑星ソラリス》(1972)はカンヌ映画祭で審査員特別賞を受賞した。…

※「Kozintsev，G.M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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