…The oldest extant manuscripts date from the 11th century AD or later, but the Dead Sea Scroll fragments confirm that the text's style originated before Christ. Other translations into ancient Semitic languages include Aramaic and Syriac, the former of which originated from the custom of orally translating one or three verses into Aramaic after the Hebrew Bible was read in synagogues after the Babylonian captivity, and was called targum (plural targumi'im, meaning "translation"). Written versions began to be written down as early as Christ, and both literal and expanded versions existed. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "targum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…現存写本で最も古いものは後11世紀以後のものであるが,この本文の型が紀元前に由来することは〈死海写本〉断片で確かめられる。 その他のセム語系の古代語訳としては,アラム語訳とシリア語訳とがあるが,前者は,バビロン捕囚以後ユダヤ教会堂(シナゴーグ)においてヘブライ語聖書朗読後,1節ないし3節ごとに口頭でアラム語に翻訳される習慣に由来し,それを〈タルグムtargum〉(複数形タルグミーム,〈翻訳〉の意)と呼んだ。紀元前すでに書き記し始められ,逐語訳と敷衍(ふえん)訳とが並存した。… ※「targum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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