…However, as early as 1908, AEGarrod suggested that congenital metabolic defects in humans were caused by enzyme deficiencies. In the 1930s, attempts were made under the name of physiological genetics to clarify the effects of large changes in environmental factors such as temperature and diet on traits and to get closer to the mechanism of trait expression by genes, but a full elucidation of this problem had to wait until the research on Neurospora crassa by GWBeadle and ELTatum (1941) and others. Beadle and his colleagues isolated many mutants with defects in the synthesis pathways of specific vitamins and amino acids, and determined the location of the blocks in the synthesis pathways for each of them. … From [Genes] ...In books and papers older than this period, the terms "genetic unit," "genetic factor," "factor," "gen," and "gene" are used, but the word "gene" is nowhere to be found. From [Nutrition Requirements]…It is well known that in microorganisms, even within the same species, auxotrophs, which are auxotrophic mutants that lack the ability to synthesize certain substances, occur. In 1941, GW Beadle and EL Tatum used such mutants of Neurospora crassa to conduct genetic research on the enzymes that control biochemical reactions within cells, leading to the proposal of the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis. [Tsukuda Hiroko]. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Tatum, EL" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…とはいえ,すでに1908年にガロッドA.E.Garrodはヒトの先天的代謝欠陥が酵素の欠如に起因することを示唆していた。30年代に入り,生理遺伝学の名のもとに温度・食餌など環境要因の大きな変化がどのような効果を形質に与えるかを明らかにし,遺伝子の形質発現の機構に迫ろうとする試みがなされたが,この問題の本格的な解明はビードルG.W.BeadleとテータムE.L.Tatum(1941)らによるアカパンカビの研究をまたねばならなかった。ビードルらは特定のビタミンやアミノ酸の合成経路に欠陥をもつ多くの突然変異体を分離し,それぞれについて合成経路のブロックの位置を決定した。… 【遺伝子】より…この時期より古い著書・論文では〈遺伝単位〉〈遺伝因子〉〈因子〉〈ゲン〉〈ジーン〉が用いられており,〈遺伝子〉は見あたらない。 【栄養要求】より…微生物などでは,同じ種においても特定の物質を合成する能力を欠いた栄養要求性突然変異体auxotrophが生じることがよく知られている。1941年にビードルG.W.BeadleとテータムE.L.Tatumはアカパンカビのこのような突然変異体を用いて,細胞内の生化学的反応をつかさどる酵素群の遺伝学的研究を行い,一遺伝子一酵素仮説を提唱するに至った。【佃 弘子】。… ※「Tatum,E.L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
>>: Tattvarthadipanibandha (English spelling)
A certain amount of a drug is required to produce...
In Sanskrit, it originally means profit, wealth, a...
It is a prefecture-level city on the Second Songh...
Also known as a glockenspiel, it is an idiophone ...
...Male plants also produce a few fruits. Amami h...
In principle, it refers to therapy performed by a...
A park that focuses on underwater scenery, and aim...
...From the 11th century to the end of the 13th c...
…If the tendency to bleed increases, it can ruptu...
A former town in Inashiki County, southern Ibaraki...
Born: February 27, 1902 in Toulon [Died] June 13, ...
Born: November 9, 1874 in Okayama [Died] April 3, ...
A material intended to conduct electric current w...
…He later became the first president of the Compa...
A spider of the family Theridiidae in the order Ar...