This is a reaction in which hydrocarbons are chlorinated using hydrogen chloride and oxygen or air. Chlorine is usually used in the chlorination of hydrocarbons, but as the scale of the hydrocarbon chlorination industry, including the production of vinyl chloride, has grown, there has been a shortage of chlorine. Chlorine is produced by the salt electrolysis process, but the demand for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), which is produced along with chlorine, is low compared to the demand for chlorine, so the amount of chlorine produced is limited by the demand for sodium hydroxide. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
炭化水素を塩化水素と酸素または空気を用いて塩素化する反応をいう。炭化水素の塩素化にはふつう塩素が用いられるが,塩化ビニルの製造をはじめとして,炭化水素の塩素化工業の規模が大きくなるにしたがって塩素の不足を生じた。塩素は食塩電解法によって生産されるが,塩素とともに生産される水酸化ナトリウム(苛性ソーダ)の需要が塩素に比べて少ないので,塩素の生産量が水酸化ナトリウムの需要量によって制約されるからである。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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