Sprawl - sprawl

This refers to the situation in urban areas that expand with rapid urbanization, where land use proceeds in a disorderly and unplanned manner, as if it were being eaten up by insects. As the concentration of population and functions in cities progresses, especially as they become overcrowded, the opposite of this is the promotion and intensification of their dispersion to the outskirts of the cities (nearby rural areas). This trend is manifested in the rapid proliferation of housing complexes and housing complexes, the mixture of factories and housing, and the advancement of service facilities in the outskirts of cities. Such control and regulation of land use is often delayed, and as a result, the development of infrastructure for life such as roads and transportation, and the living environment including public facilities, tends to be delayed. Furthermore, measures to deal with natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods are often put off.

[Yuetsu Takahashi]

"The Urban Sprawl Problem in Modern Japan" edited by Fujio Yamazaki, Kenichiro Moritaki, et al. (1978, Otsuki Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

急速な都市化とともに拡大する都市地域において、土地利用が無秩序、無計画に進行し、まるで虫に食い荒らされたような状況になることをいう。都市への人口や機能の集中が進行し、とくに過密化してくると、それとは裏腹に、それらの都市周辺（近郊農村）への分散が促進され、激化するが、この傾向は都市周辺における急激に進む団地・住宅の乱立、工場・住宅の混合、サービス施設の進出などに現れてくる。こうした土地利用に対する統制や規制は後手に回ることが多く、したがって、道路や交通機関などの生活基盤とか、公共施設を含む生活環境とかの整備は遅れることにもなりやすい。また、地震や水害などの自然的災害に対処する対策も後回しにされることが多い。

［高橋勇悦］

『山崎不二夫・森滝健一郎他編『現代日本の都市スプロール問題』上下（1978・大月書店）』

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