Valdivia Culture - Valdivia Culture

Japanese: バルディビア文化 - バルディビアぶんか

This culture has the shell midden site of Valdivia, located on the Pacific coast about 90 km west of the port of Guayaquil in Ecuador, as its reference site. It is said to be the oldest pottery culture in the Americas (around 3000 BC). The shell midden is approximately 150m x 160m in size, and was excavated in 1957, revealing dwellings, hearths, and graves. Their main occupation was the collection of large quantities of seafood, including fish and shellfish. Items found include shellfish fishhooks, processing tools such as stone saws and stone awls for making them, and stone weights used for net fishing. Deer hunting was also practiced, but the fact that no stone tools for spear tips have been found suggests that spear tips were made from materials that do not easily remain, such as wood, or that they hunted by trapping.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

エクアドルのグアヤキル港の西約90km，太平洋岸にある貝塚遺跡バルディビアValdiviaを標準遺跡とする文化。アメリカ大陸で最古の土器文化(前3000年ころ)であるとされる。貝塚の大きさはおよそ150m×160mで，1957年に発掘され，住居，炉，墓が確認された。生業は大量の魚貝類など海産物の採集を主とし，貝製の釣針，その製作のための石鋸，石錐などの加工具，網漁に使われる石錘がある。鹿猟も行われたが，槍先用の石器が発見されないことから，槍先には木など残りにくい材料が使われたのか，あるいはわな猟であったことをうかがわせる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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