Baritone (English spelling)

Japanese: バリトン - ばりとん(英語表記)baritone 英語
Baritone (English spelling)

A musical term. It has three uses:

(1) A male voice type between tenor and bass. Its range is approximately G2 - G4 , but in opera some baritones sing A4 . Because the baritone has such a wide vocal range, the higher range is sometimes called high baritone, and the lower range is sometimes called bass baritone.

(2) This name is given to instruments that are one size smaller than the bass instrument among several sizes of the same instrument (e.g., baritone saxophone, baritone oboe). The range of these instruments roughly corresponds to the baritone range of the human voice.

(3) Among the several clefs seen since the 17th and 18th centuries, the one used for the baritone voice is called the baritone clef. There are two types: one using a C clef with the fifth line of the staff at C4 , and one using a bass clef with the third line at F3 .

[Toshiaki Kurosaka]

[Reference] | Clef | Vocal range

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

音楽用語。次の3種の用法がある。

(1)男声のなかでテノールとバスの間にある声種をいう。その音域はおよそG2-G4であるが、オペラにおいてはA4を歌うバリトン歌手もいる。バリトンはこのように声域が広いため、音域の高いほうをハイ・バリトンhigh b.、低いほうをバス・バリトンbass b.と区別してよぶこともある。

(2)数種の大きさがある同一楽器のなかで、バス楽器よりも一回り小さい楽器に対して、この名称を冠する(例、バリトン・サクソフォーン、バリトン・オーボエ)。これらの楽器の音域は、ほぼ人声のバリトンの声域に対応している。

(3)17~18世紀以降にみられる数種の音部記号のなかで、バリトン声部用に使用されるものをバリトン記号という。これにはハ音記号を用いて五線譜の第五線をC4音とするものと、ヘ音記号で第三線をF3音とするものの2種類ある。

[黒坂俊昭]

[参照項目] | 音部記号 | 声域

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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