Mako Shark - Mako Shark

Japanese: アオザメ - あおざめ
Mako Shark - Mako Shark

A general name for a genus of the family Lamniformes in the class Chondrichthyes, or the name of one of its species. The Isurus mako shark is characterized by a well-developed lower lobe of the tail fin, an overall crescent-shaped tail fin, a vertically flattened base with a single keel (ridge) on either side, and knife-shaped teeth with no lateral cusps on either side. There are two species in the Isurus mako shark genus, I. oxyrinchus and I. paucus , which can be distinguished by the length of their pectoral fins (the shortfin mako shark is short, the longfin Isurus is long).

The shortfin mako (English name: shortfin mako) as a species mainly lives in the surface layer of the open ocean, but sometimes comes close to the shore. It swims at high speed, and when it gets caught on a fishing hook, it jumps into the air or jumps into the fishing boat with momentum. It grows to about 4 meters in length. It reproduces by ovoviviparity, and after absorbing its own egg yolk in the uterus, it grows by feeding on small nutritious eggs supplied by the ovaries. It is about 70 centimeters when born, and the number of fetuses in one litter is usually 10 to 18, with a maximum of about 25. Its meat is firm and delicious, and is used for steaks, etc. It is widely distributed in the warm waters of the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans, and is often found on the Pacific side of southern Japan in the waters near Japan. It is designated as "endangered" (EN) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (as of September 2021).

[Kazuhiro Nakatani October 20, 2021]

[Reference] | Shark
Major types of sharks (1) [specimen illustrations]
© Tadaaki Ohkata ">

Major types of sharks (1) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

軟骨魚綱ネズミザメ目ネズミザメ科の属の総称、またはその1種の名称。アオザメ属Isurusは、尾びれの下葉がよく発達し、全体的に三日月形の尾びれをしていること、尾びれの付け根が縦扁(じゅうへん)し、その側方に1本のキール(隆起線)が発達すること、歯がナイフ形で、その両側に側尖頭(そくせんとう)がないことなどの特徴をもつ。アオザメ属にはアオザメI. oxyrinchusとバケアオザメI. paucusの2種があるが、胸びれの長さなどで区別できる(アオザメは短く、バケアオザメは長い)。

 種としてのアオザメ(英名shortfin mako)はおもに外洋の表層に生息するが、ときに岸近くにも来遊する。高速で泳ぎ、釣り針にかかると空中にジャンプしたり、勢いで釣り船の中に飛び込んできたりする。全長4メートルほどになる。生殖方法は食卵型の胎生で、子宮内で自分の卵黄を吸収してしまうと、卵巣から補給される小形の栄養卵を摂食して成長する。産まれるときの大きさは約70センチメートル、1腹の胎仔(たいし)数は普通は10~18尾で、最大では25尾ほどである。肉はしまり、美味でステーキなどにされる。太平洋、インド洋、大西洋の暖海域に広く分布し、日本近海では南日本の太平洋側に多い。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「危機」(EN)に指定されている(2021年9月時点)。

[仲谷一宏 2021年10月20日]

[参照項目] | サメ
サメのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕
©大片忠明">

サメのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕


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