knee joint

Japanese: knee joint（英語表記）kneejoint

…This is also the reason why femoral neck fractures, which are common among the elderly, are difficult to heal.
[Knee joint]
The knee is a joint between the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia, and the patella, which is located in the tendon of the quadriceps in front of the joint, also participates in the formation of the joint. The knee is flexed and extended by a single hinge joint, but when the knee is bent, the foot can also be internally and externally rotated.

From 【Knee】

…the popliteal fossa forms a triangle with its apex pointing upward, the two sides of which are made up of the lower ends of the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles and the lower end of the biceps femoris, and the base is made up of the origin of the gastrocnemius muscle. The knee joint is the joint between the lower end of the femur, the upper end of the tibia, and the posterior surface of the patella, and allows the leg to bend backward at the knee (the fibula is not involved in the knee joint). The knee capsule originates from the periphery of the lower end of the femur and is attached to the periphery of the upper end of the tibia, but the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, the cruciate ligament within the joint cavity, and many other strong ligaments strengthen the connection of the bones and limit the direction and range of movement. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "knee joint" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…高年者に多い大腿骨頸部骨折が治りにくいのは，このことにも原因がある。先天性股関節脱臼
［膝関節knee joint］
　大腿骨下端と脛骨上端との間の関節で，そのほか関節の前面にある大腿四頭筋の腱のなかにある膝蓋骨も関節の構成に関与している。1軸性の蝶番関節でひざの屈伸を行うが，ひざを曲げた位置では，さらに足の内旋や外旋ができる。…

【ひざ(膝)】より

…膝窩は上方に頂点を向けた三角形をなすが，この2辺は半腱様筋および半膜様筋の下端と大腿二頭筋の下端からなり，底辺は腓腹筋の起始部からなる。膝関節knee jointは大腿骨の下端と脛骨の上端と膝蓋骨の後面との間にある関節で，この関節で下肢がひざのところで後のほうへ折れ曲がることができる(腓骨は膝関節には関係していない)。関節囊は大腿骨下端の周縁から起こって脛骨上端の周縁に付いているが，そのほかに内側および外側の〈側副靱帯〉，関節腔内にある〈膝十字靱帯〉をはじめ多数のじょうぶな靱帯によって，骨の結合が強化されていると同時に，運動の方向と範囲が制限されている。…

※「knee joint」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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