…The difference between the two is that in natural beings, the principle of movement from potential to actual is built into the moving body (oak tree) itself as nature (physis), whereas in the case of a work of art, it is outside the moving body (desk) as the craftsman's technique (techne). Moreover, this relationship between potential and actual is relative and mobile; for example, in a series such as trees in the forest → lumber in the workshop → desk → reading, the former is the potential of the latter and the latter is the actual of the former, and the transition from potential to actual is considered to be motion (kinēsis). Therefore, the real world, which in Plato's theory of ideas only recognized meaningless changes, is seen under Aristotle as being in constant purposeful movement. *Some of the terminology that mentions "kinēsis" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…両者の違いは,自然的存在者にあっては可能態から現実態へ向かうその運動の原理が〈自然(フュシス)〉としてその運動体(樫の木)そのものに内蔵されているのに対して,制作物にあってはそれが職人の〈技術(テクネ)〉として運動体(机)の外にあるという点だけである。しかも,この〈可能態‐現実態〉の関係は相対的・可動的であり,たとえば〈森の中の樹→仕事場の材木→机→読書〉といった系列のなかで,それぞれ前者が後者の可能態,後者が前者の現実態であり,可能態から現実態への移行は〈運動(キネシスkinēsis)〉と考えられるのである。したがってプラトンのイデア論にあっては無意味な変化しか認められなかったこの現実の世界が,アリストテレスのもとでは不断の合目的的な運動のうちにあると見られることになる。… ※「kinēsis」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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