Separation of isotopes

Japanese: 同位体分離 - どういたいぶんり(英語表記)separation of isotopes
Separation of isotopes
The process of separating and collecting isotopes of a certain mass number from isotopes of other mass numbers. There are various methods. The most accurate is the electromagnetic separation method (using a mass analyzer) that uses an electromagnetic field. Other methods include the ultracentrifugation method, which uses the difference in gas diffusion speed depending on mass (membrane diffusion method, thermal diffusion method, separation nozzle method), the distillation method that uses the mass dependence of vapor pressure, the electrolysis method that uses the electrochemical effect, the exchange reaction method that uses the mass effect in chemical reactions, the reaction rate method, the photochemical separation method, and the fractional adsorption method.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ある質量数の同位体を他の質量数の同位体から分離して捕集すること。種々の方法がある。最も精度のよいのは電磁場を用いる電磁的分離法 (質量分析器を使用) である。ほかに気体の拡散速度の質量による違いを利用する方法 (膜拡散法,熱拡散法,分離ノズル法) ,超遠心分離法,蒸気圧の質量依存性を利用する蒸留法,電気化学的効果を利用する電解法,化学反応における質量効果を利用する交換反応法,反応速度法,光化学的分離法,分別吸着法などがある。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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