…The traits (phenotypes) of living organisms are genetically determined, but genetic makeup and traits do not always match. The same traits may appear even when genetic makeup differs, and conversely, traits may differ even when genetic makeup is the same. In order to clarify this issue, in 1911, WL Johansen (1857-1927) proposed the concept of genotype, which refers to the totality of genetic makeup of an organism, and distinguished it from phenotype, which is the totality of traits expressed externally. However, in practice, the term genotype is often used only to refer to the genetic makeup of one or several allele loci that control the expression of a particular trait. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Johansen, WL" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…生物の形質(表現型)は遺伝的に決定されているが,遺伝的構成と形質は必ずしも一致しない場合があり,遺伝的構成が異なっても同じ形質が現れる場合があり,逆に同じ遺伝的構成でも形質が異なる場合がある。この問題を明快に把握するために,1911年ヨハンセンW.L.Johansen(1857‐1927)は生物の遺伝的構成の総体を遺伝子型という概念で呼ぶことを提唱し,外部に表れた形質の総体としての表現型から区別した。しかし実際上は,特定の形質の発現を支配する1個あるいは数個の対立遺伝子allelomorphの遺伝子座の遺伝的構成についてのみに限定して遺伝子型という語を用いることが多い。… ※「Johansen,W.L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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