Incense

Japanese: incense
Incense

...The methods include (1) heating to vaporize, (2) mixing with fats and oils and slowly vaporizing, (3) vaporizing with water or alcohol, (4) dissolving in hot water and liquefying, and (5) using in solid form. (1) is called incense, and includes incense used in Buddhist ceremonies and in the art of incense-smelling, and candle fragrances. Perfume and fragrances are called perfume, and the origin of the word comes from the Latin per-fumum (through smoke, by smoke), and incense can be said to be the oldest method.

From [Fragrance]

…We must also consider the peoples of Southwest Asia, India, and Southeast Asia. The use of perfumes before modern times can be broadly divided into three categories: (1) incense, (2) spices, and (3) cosmetics. To put it in extreme terms, the Chinese in the East discovered the wonderful fragrance of agarwood by burning it, the Indians indulged in the fine fragrance of sandalwood by smearing it on their bodies, and the Europeans enjoyed the pungent spiciness, taste, and burnt smell of cloves in their diet. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "incense" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その方法は,(1)加熱して気化させる法,(2)油脂と混ぜて徐々に気化させる法,(3)水やアルコールとともに気化させる法,(4)湯に溶解し液化させる法,(5)固体状のまま使う法などである。(1)はインセンスincense(焚香(ふんこう)料)と呼ばれ,仏教の儀式や香道で用いる香,キャンドルフレグランスなどがある。香水や香料をパヒュームperfumeというが,その語源はラテン語のper‐fumum(煙を通して,煙によって)であり,インセンスがいちばん古い方法であるといえよう。…

【香料】より

…また,西南アジア,インド,東南アジアの諸民族についても考えなければならない。現代以前の香料の使用は(1)焚香料incense,(2)香辛料spices,(3)化粧料cosmeticsの三つに大別される。極端にいえば,東の中国人は沈香木をたいて妙香を知り,インド人は白檀を身体に塗抹して佳香に耽溺(たんでき)し,ヨーロッパ人は丁子の辛辣な辛さと味と焦臭に食生活を楽しんだといえよう。…

※「incense」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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