harlequinade

Japanese: harlequinade
harlequinade

...The clowns who wore loose white clothes and white makeup, probably the successors of Pedrolino (the "Sad Clown" made famous by Debureau in 19th century Paris). Conversely, in England, the grotesque costumes and makeup of the famous clown Grimaldi, who was active in the Christmas pantomime (also known as the harlequinade) in the early 19th century, and the familiar red-nosed circus clowns who were influenced by him. ...

From [Pantomime]

… In Britain, pantomime does not refer to the silent dramas described above, but rather to a special type of entertainment performed around Christmas (it is also called Christmas pantomime to distinguish it from the rest). It is a more complicated form of entertainment called harlequinade, which was derived from the Commedia dell'arte (the Clown Arlecchino), and was already performed in the early 18th century, but became more fully developed in the 19th century. It is a chaotic play that incorporates singing, dancing, acrobatics, and magic, centering on characters from legendary stories such as Cinderella, Aladdin, and Robinson Crusoe, and has a strong satire of current events. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "harlequinade" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…おそらくペドロリーノの後身である,ゆるい白い服に白塗りのピエロ(19世紀パリでドビュローが有名にした〈悲しき道化〉)。逆にイギリスでは,19世紀初頭クリスマス・パントマイム(別名ハーレクイネードharlequinade)で活躍した名クラウン,グリマルディのグロテスクな衣装と化粧。そして彼の影響を受けたおなじみの赤いつけ鼻のサーカス・クラウン。…

【パントマイム】より

… なお,イギリスでは,パントマイムは今まで述べてきたような無言劇ではなく,クリスマスのころに上演される特殊な芸能を指すことが多い(これを区別してクリスマス・パントマイムChristmas pantomimeとも呼ぶ)。これはコメディア・デラルテ(の道化役アルレッキーノ)から派生したハーレクイネードharlequinadeと呼ばれる芸能が複雑化したもので,18世紀初めにすでに演じられていたが,19世紀に入って本格化した。シンデレラ,アラジン,ロビンソン・クルーソーなど,伝奇的物語の人物を中心として,歌,踊り,アクロバット,奇術などがとり入れられる雑然とした劇で,強い時事風刺性をもつ。…

※「harlequinade」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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