ḥaḍar (English spelling) hadar

Japanese: ḥaḍar(英語表記)hadar
ḥaḍar (English spelling) hadar

…Therefore, there are many Arabic words for desert, the most well-known being ṣaḥrā', from which the name Sahara comes. Badw, the origin of the word Bedouin, is a concept that is paired with ḥaḍar (settlement, city). In general, it is inevitable that daily life is harsh, since they live by herding livestock to utilize the vast land that is unsuitable for settling. …

From [Bedouin]

…The term Bedouin is said to have originated from the Arabic word badw (Badawi (singular masculine) Badawiya (singular feminine)) which was mispronounced by the French. Badu was originally a word corresponding to town dweller ḥaḍar, and referred to people who lived in places other than towns (badiya). Therefore, agricultural people who lived in small oases and dry rivers (wadis) are also included in the Badu.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "ḥaḍar" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…したがって,砂漠を表すアラビア語も多様であり,最もよく知られているのはサフラーṣaḥrā’で,サハラ砂漠の呼称はこれに由来する。またベドウィンの語源であるバドウbadwはハダルḥaḍar(定住,都市)と対をなす概念である。 総じて定住に不向きな広大な土地を利用すべく家畜を追って生を送っているからには,日常生活が厳しいのは必然である。…

【ベドウィン】より

…ベドウィンという呼称は,アラビア語の〈バドウbadw(バダウィー(男性形単数),バダウィーヤ(女性形単数))〉という語が,フランス人によりなまって発音されたのが始まりとされている。〈バドウ〉は,本来,町の住人〈ハダルḥaḍar〉に対応した言葉で,町ではない所(バーディヤ)に住む人々のことを指す。したがって,小さいオアシスや涸れ川(ワーディー,ワジ)に住む農耕民もバドウに含まれる。…

※「ḥaḍar」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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